SOP 3015 Essay Test 3

Essay

	1.	From the perspective of social-learning theory, which argues that we tend to repeat acts that are reinforced or benefit us, describe at least two ways in which individuals might come to perform costly prosocial acts that produce no apparent benefits.

	2.	Investigators have been reporting findings that challenge Piaget's theory of moral development. Briefly discuss two such findings and indicate why they present problems for Piaget's theory.

	3.	Describe the evidence Kohlberg and colleagues use to argue that Kohlberg's levels and stages of moral reasoning are cultural universals. What evidence is there which implies that not all aspects of moral development are so universal?

	4.	What are extended families? Is there any reason to believe that extended families are unhealthy contexts for child development? Explain your answer.

	5.	What four patterns of parenting emerge from classifying parents along the acceptance/responsiveness and demandingness/control dimensions? Describe the evidence that one of these four patterns is consistently associated with more favorable child/adolescent outcomes than the others and explain why this pattern of parenting is thought to be so effective.

	6.	Janelle, a 14-year-old is distressed that her parents now seem to hassle her about everything and provide her little say over decisions that she sees as self-governance issues. Janelle's mother, seeking to end the battles, seeks help from a social-developmentalist. What advice might the developmentalist give mom to help Janelle achieve a healthy sense of autonomy?

	7.	Describe two theories that make opposing predictions about the effects of televised violence on children's aggressive behavior. Evaluate the merits of these two theories based on the evidence available to date.

	8.	What is the desensitization hypothesis? Describe the evidence that supports this viewpoint.

	9.	Critically evaluate the notions that computer use may (1) promote academic achievement and thinking skills while (2) inhibiting sociability and good peer relations. Describe one other "concern" that researchers have had about the impact of computers on child development.

	10.	How do a child's contacts with peers differ from those with parents? What benefits might there be from same-age and from mixed-age peer interactions?

	11.	Describe the evidence to suggest that peer contacts promote social competencies in both monkeys and humans. Is it really all that important for a child to establish adequate relations with peers? Explain your answer.

	12.	Describe the changing character of children's peer groups from the grade-school period through adolescence. How are the various peer confederations thought to contribute to child/adolescent development?

SOP 3015 Essay Test 3
Answer Section

ESSAY

	1.	ANS:	
Answer not provided.

PTS:	1	REF:	p. 327-328	MSC:	WWW

	2.	ANS:	
Answer not provided.

PTS:	1	REF:	p. 347-350

	3.	ANS:	
Answer not provided.

PTS:	1	REF:	p. 353 | p. 356-357	

	4.	ANS:	
Answer not provided.

PTS:	1	REF:	p. 372-373

	5.	ANS:	
Answer not provided.

PTS:	1	REF:	p. 376-379	MSC:	WWW

	6.	ANS:	
Answer not provided.

PTS:	1	REF:	p. 387-388

	7.	ANS:	
Answer not provided.

PTS:	1	REF:	p. 416-421

	8.	ANS:	
Answer not provided.

PTS:	1	REF:	p. 420-421

	9.	ANS:	
Answer not provided.

PTS:	1	REF:	p. 428-432

	10.	ANS:	
Answer not provided.

PTS:	1	REF:	p. 453-454

	11.	ANS:	
Answer not provided.

PTS:	1	REF:	p. 454-456

	12.	ANS:	
Answer not provided.

PTS:	1	REF:	p. 461-463